Adoption of the tri-radical root system among Iberian Exegetes, acceptance and rejection. The case of Moses ibn Chiquitilla

Daniel Isaac

doi:10.3989/sefarad.023-007

Autores/as

Daniel Isaac Université de Strasbourg https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-4543

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/sefarad.023-007

Palabras clave:

Ibn Chiquitilla, hebreo, judeo-árabe, judaísmo, Biblia, Ḥayyūj

Resumen

Este artículo examina el papel del análisis gramatical formal en los escritos de Moisés ibn Chiquitilla rastreando la adopción del triliteralismo entre los gramáticos de la Península Ibérica. Una de las dificultades constantes a la hora de abordar la historia de los principales avances en el estudio de la gramática hebrea es el carácter fragmentario del material disponible. La colección Firkovitch de la Biblioteca Nacional Rusa (RNL) permite ahora el acceso a fuentes del gramático, traductor y exégeta del siglo XI, Moisés ibn Chiquitilla. De lo poco que se conserva de su obra, destaca una gran parte de su comentario bíblico a Salmos en el manuscrito RNL Evr Arab. I 3583, junto con otros fragmentos más pequeños custodiados en otras bibliotecas. En este artículo rastreo el desarrollo de los debates entre los gramáticos tal y como retratados en los escritos de Ibn Chiquitilla. Llego a la conclusión de que entre los círculos de gramáticos de Zaragoza de los siglos XI- XII, Ibn Chiquitilla se inclina por las opiniones de Judá Ḥayyūj, aceptando los fundamentos teóricos de su sistema gramatical y rechazando cualquier excepción a las raíces trirradicales, incluido el birradicalismo de Ibn Naġrela e Ibn ʿEzra. aparecenidentificar el desarrollo de dos círculos distintos de gramáticos en Zaragoza en los siglos XI-XII centrado en las disputas entre los dos principales gramáticos de las generaciones anteriores Judah Hayyûj y Jonah Ibn Janâḥ y otros.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Abumalham Mas, Montserrat (1985): Kitāb al-muḥāḍara wal-muḏākara (Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas).

Alfonso, Esperanza (2010): «Ibn Naghrella, Samuel (Abū Ibrāhim Ismāʿīl) ben Joseph ha- Nagid», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 4, executive ed. Norman A. Stillman (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 525-528.

Allony, Nehemya (1979): «Ibn al-ʿama, alias (Ibn) Balaam-Philologist, Exegetes Poet, Halakhist and Controversialist», in Studies in Jewish religious and intellectual history: presented to Alexander Altmann on the occasion of his seventieth birthday, eds. S. Stein and R. Loewe (Alabama: University of Alabama Press, published in association with the Institute of Jewish Studies), pp. 35-52.

Bacher, Wilhelm (1896): Sepher Haschoraschim: Wurzelwörterbuch der hebräischen Sprache/von Abulwalîd Merwân Ibn Ganâh (R. Jona) aus dem Arabischen in's Hebräische übersetz von Jehuda Ibn Tibbon (Berlin: M'Kize Nirdamim).

Bacher, Wilhelm (1909): «Targum ʿarbi ʻal sefer ʾiyob ʻim bĕʾur ʿarbi mošeh ben šĕmuʾel ha-kohen ha-niqra ben Chiquitilla», in Festschrift zu Ehren des Dr. A. Harkavy aus Anlass seines am 20. November 1905 vollendeten, eds. D. Günzburg and I. Markon (Budapest).

Basal, Nasir (1999): «The Concept of Compensation (ʿiwaḍ/taʿwīḍ) as Used by Yehuda Hayyuj in Comparison with Sībawayhi», Journal of Semitic Studies 44.2, pp. 227-243. https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/44.2.227

Basal, Nasir (2001): Kitāb Al-Nutaf by Judah Ḥayyūj (Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University).

Becker, Dan (1984): The Risāla of Judah Ben Quraysh: A Critical Edition (Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University). https://doi.org/10.1179/033443584788339828

Benavente Robles, Santiaga and Ángel Sáenz-Badillos (1986): Těšubot de los Discípulos de Měnaḥem contra Dunaš Ben Labraṭ (Granada: Universidad de Granada).

Brann, Ross (2002): Power in the Portrayal: Representation of Jews and Muslims in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Islamic Spain (Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press).

Brown, Francis, Samuel R. Driver and Charles A. Briggs (1906): The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (Reprint, Hendrickson Publishers)

Charlap, Luba (1999): Rabbi Abraham Ibn-Ezra's Linguistic System (Beer Sheva: Ben-Gurion University).

Charlap, Luba (2001): «Another View on Rabbi Abraham Ibn-Ezra's Contribution to Medieval Hebrew Grammar», Hebrew Studies 42, pp. 67-80. https://doi.org/10.1353/hbr.2001.0033

Dotan, Aron (2005): The Awakening of Word Lore: From the Masora to the Beginnings of Hebrew Lexicography (Jerusalem: The Academy of the Hebrew Language).

Eldar, Ilan (1990): «Ḥayyūj's Grammatical Analysis», Lĕšonenu laʻam 54.2-4, pp. 169-181.

Gaash, Amir (2018): «Terms Denoting Action Nouns in Dunash ben Labraṭ's Criticism of Menaḥem ben Saruq», Lĕšonénu 80.1-2, pp. 192-200.

Gaash, Amir (2018): «More on the Term Poʿal in Dunash ben Labraṭ's Criticism of Menaḥem ben Saruq», Lĕšonénu 80.4, pp. 497-504.

Gaash, Amir (2019): «The Responsa (Teshuvot) of Menaḥem's Disciples against Dunash: Who Authored Which Responsa, and Was Ḥayyūj One of the Disciples?», Lĕšonénu 81.1-4, pp. 297-318.

Gesenius, Wilhelm (2006): Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (Reprint, Dover Publications).

Goldenberg, Gedeon (1980): «ʿal ha-šoḵen he-ḥalaq wĕ-hašoreš ha-ʿiḇri», Lĕšonénu 44.4, pp. 281-292.

Goodman, Lenn E. (1988): The Book of Theodicy: Translation and Commentary on the Book of Job by Saadiah Ben Joseph al-Fayūmī, (New Haven: Yale University Press).

Goodman, Mordechai S. (2016): Sefer Ṣaḥot (Jerusalem: Mosad ha-Rav Kook).

Haas, Jair (2020): R. Abraham Ibn Ezra's Commentary on Isaiah 40-66 (Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press).

Halkin, Abraham (1975): Muḥāḍarah wa-l-Mudhākarah Liber Discussionis et Commenorationis (Jerusalem: Hoṣaʾat Mekiṣe Nirdamim).

Hazon, Raaya (2009): «Book of corrects: Responsa of Adonijah against RASAG: identification of the author of the responsa and additional chapters», in Masʾat aharon: linguistic studies presented to Aron Dotan, eds. Moshe Bar-Asher and Chaim E. Cohen (Jerusalem: The Bialik Institute), pp. 289-304.

Isaac, Daniel Elan Menahem (2023): Héros de l'armée et guerrier: une analyse critique du commentaire de Moïse Ibn Chiquitilla sur le livre des Psaumes (Strasbourg: PhD).

Jastrow Jr., Morris (1897): The Weak and Geminative Verbs in Hebrew Translation (Leiden: Brill).

Kaplan, Roger J. (1992): A critical study of the philological methods of Yehuda ben David (Ḥayyûj) (New York University, PhD).

Kaplan, Roger J. (1995): «Derivational Processes: Underlying Forms and Analogies in Ḥayyūj's Linguistic Works», AJS Review 20.2, pp. 313-332. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0364009400006966

Khan, Geoffrey (2001): «The early eastern tradition of Hebrew grammar», in Hebrew Scholarship and the Medieval World, ed. Nicholas R. M. De Lange (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511627996.006 PMid:11226716

Lévi-Provençal, Evariste (1950): Histoire de l'Espagne Musulmane, 3 vols. (Paris, Leiden: G. P. Maisonneuve, E. J. Brill).

Maman, Aharon (1996): «The Flourishing School: Judah Ḥayyūj, Jonah Ibn Janāḥ, Moses Ibn Chiquitilla and Judah Ibn Balʿam», in Hebrew Bible, Old Testament: The History of its Interpretation, eds. Magne Sæbø, Christianus Brekelmans, Menahem Haran, Michael Fishbane, Jean Louis Ska and Peter Machinist (Göttinge: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht), pp. 468-476.

Maman, Aharon (2008): «Ibn Janāḥ Between Philosophy and Grammar», Lĕšonénu 65, pp. 351-359.

Maman, Aharon and Ephraim Ben-Porat (2012): Kitāb al-Nutaf: R. Yehuda Ḥayyūj's Philological Commentary to the Book of Prophets in ʿR. Ibn Suleymān's Compendium (Jerusalem: The Academy of the Hebrew Language).

Martín Contreras, Elvira (2013): «The Current State of Masoretic Studies», Sefarad 73:2, pp. 433-458. https://doi.org/10.3989/sefarad.013.015

Martínez Delgado, José (2002): «Mosheh ben Shemu'el ha-Kohen ibn Chiquitilla, el traductor», Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes y Hebraicos. Sección Hebreo 51, pp. 119-157.

Martínez Delgado, José (2003): «El Comentario a Salmos de Mošeh Ibn Chiquitilla», Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes y Hebraicos. Sección Hebreo 52, pp. 201-241.

Martínez Delgado, José (2004): El libro de Ḥayyūŷ: (versión original árabe del siglo X) (Granada: Universidad de Granada).

Martínez Delgado, José (2005): «El Opúsculo sobre la Normativa Vocálica (Kitāb Šurūṭ al-Naqṭ) de Ḥayyūŷ (Edición y Traducción)», Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes y Hebraicos. Sección Hebreo 54, pp. 185-230.

artínez-Delgado, José (2009): «From Bible to Lexicography Through the Masora in Al-Andalus: The Use of the Sefer 'Oḵla wĕ-'Oḵla among the First Andalusi Hebrew Philologists», in Sacred text: explorations in lexicography, eds. Juan Pedro Monferrer-Sala and Ángel Urban (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang), pp. 167-197.

Martínez Delgado, José (2010): «El uso del "Maḥberet" entre los principales filólogos hebreos de Alandalús (siglos X-XI)», Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes y Hebraicos. Sección Hebreo 59, pp. 135-165.

Martínez Delgado, José (2010): «Dunash ben Labraṭ ha-Levi», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 2, executive ed. Norman A. Stillman (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 98-102.

Martínez Delgado, José (2010): «Ḥayyūj, Judah (Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā) ben David al-Fāsi», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 2, Norman A. Stillman (Executive Editor) (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 387-390.

Martínez Delgado, José (2010): «Ibn Janāḥ, Jonah (Abū ʾl-Walīd Marwān)», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 2, executive ed. Norman A. Stillman (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 500-503.

Martínez Delgado, José (2010): «Ibn Sarūq, Menahem», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 2, executive ed. Norman A. Stillman (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 541-544.

Martínez Delgado, José (2010): «Ibn Balaam, Judah (Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā) ben Samuel», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 4, executive ed. Norman A. Stillman (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 464-465.

Martínez Delgado, José (2012): «Allusions to Christian Sources in A Manuscript of Ibn Giqatela's Commentary on Psalms», in Eastern Christians and their written heritage: manuscripts, scribes and context, eds. Juan P. Monferrer Sala, Herman G. B. Teule and Sofía Torallas Tovar, vol. 14 (Leuven: Peeters), pp. 245-263.

Martínez Delgado, José (2013): «Secularization Through Arabicization: The Revival of the Hebrew Language in Al-Andalus», in Jarhsbuch Des Simon-Dubnow Instituts, ed. Dan Diner, vol. 12 (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht), pp. 299-317.

Martínez Delgado, José (2014): «Morphology Versus Meaning: Biblical Mixed Roots and Andalusi Hebrew Lexicographical Theories», in A Universal Art: Hebrew Grammar Across Disciplines and Faiths, eds. Nadia Vidro, Irene E. Zweip and Judith Olszowy-Schlanger, vol. 15 (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 34-58. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004277052_004

Martínez Delgado, José (2014): «An Anonymous Book on Hebrew Verbs», Revue des études juives 173.3-4, pp. 325-359.

Martínez Delgado, José (2020): Kitāb Al-mustalḥaq by Ibn Ǧanāḥ of Cordoba: A Critical Edition, with an English Translation, Based on All the Known Judaeo-Arabic Manuscripts (Leiden: Brill).

Mirsky, Hananel (2018): The Linguistic Theory of Menaḥem Ben Saruq (Jerusalem: Mekhon Ben-Tsevi le-ḥeqer qehilot Yiśraʼel ba-Mizraḥ).

Neubauer, Adolf (1968): The Book of Hebrew Roots by Abu ʾL-Walîd Marwân Ibn Janâḥ, Called Rabbî Jônâh (repr. Amsterdam: Philo Press).

Nutt, John William (1870): Two treatises on verbs containing feeble and double letters, by R. Jehuda Ḥayug̣; translated into Hebrew from the original Arabic, by R. Moses G̣iḳatilia; to which is added the Treatise on punctuation by the same author, translated by Aben Ezra: edited from Bodleian mss. with an English translation (Leipzig: Oskar Leiner).

Perez, Maaravi (2002): «Quotations from "Kitāb al-Istighnā" by R. Shmuel Hannagid in an Anonymous Commentary on the Book of Psalms», An Annual for Biblical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies 12, pp. 241-287.

Poznański, Samuel (1903): Arabischer Commetnar zum Buche Josua von Abû Jaḥhâ (R Jehûda) ibn Balʿâm) (Frankfurt am Main: J. Kauffmann).

Qafiḥ, Joseph (1973): ʾiyob ʿim Targum u-feruš ha-Gaʾon rabbenu ben Yosef fayūmī, (Jerusalem: Ha-waʻad lě-hoṣaʼat sifre RSʺG).

Qafiḥ, Joseph (2009): Tĕhillīm Rabbenu Sĕʿadyah ben Yosef al-Fayūmī (2.a ed. Kiryat Ono: Mekhon Mishnat ha-Rambam).

Rodríguez Arribas, Josefina (2010): «Ibn Ezra, Abraham (Abū Iṣḥāq)», in Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World, vol. 2, executive ed. Norman A. Stillman (Leiden, Boston: Brill), pp. 475-478.

Ruiz-González, Enrique and Ángel Sáenz-Badillos (2004): Śafah bĕrurah: la lengua escogida (Córdoba: Ediciones el Almendro).

Sáenz-Badillos, Ángel (1980): Těšubot de Dunaš ben Labraṭ (Granada: Universidad de Granada).

Sáenz-Badillos, Ángel (1986): Maḥberet Menaḥem ben Saruq (Granada: Universidad de Granada; Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca).

Sáenz-Badillos, Ángel and Judit Targarona Borrás (2016): La academia rabínica de Córdoba, (Siglos X-XII): gramáticos hebreos de al-Andalus (Barcelona: Herder).

Schröter, Robert (1866): Těšubot Dunaš ha-Levi ben Labraṭ ʿal rabbi Saʿadyah Gaʾon. Kritik des Dunasch ben Labrat über einzelne Stellen aus Saadia's arabischer Uebersetzung des A.T. und aus dessen grammatischen Schriften, Schlettersche Buchhandlung (Breslau: H. Skutsch).

Sivan, Daniel (1989): «Biblical Hebrew Roots and Quiescent According to Judah Ḥayyuj's Grammatical Works», Hebrew Union College Annual 6, pp. 115-127.

Sivan, Daniel and Ali Wated (2012): Three Treatises on Hebrew Grammar by R. Judah Ḥayyuj. A New Critical Edition of the Arabic Text with a Modern Hebrew Translation (Beersheba: Ben Gurion University).

Steiner, Richard C. (2001): «Vowel Length in Hebrew: description of theories from Hyronimus to Rabbi Judah Ha-Levi, in light of religious Polemics», Meḥqarim Bĕlašon 8, pp. 203-228.

Téné, David and Aharon Maman (2016): Syntactic issues in R. Yona Ibn Janāḥ's Kitāb al-Tanqīḥ (The Grammar book) (Jerusalem: The Academy of the Hebrew Language).

Valle Rodriguez, Carlos del (1977): Sefer Ṣaḥot de Abraham Ibn ʿEzra (Madrid: Universidad Pontificia).

Vardi, Jonathan (2016): «Between Shemuel Ha-Nagid and the Poets of Zaragoza», Tarbiz 84.3, pp. 437-467.

Varela Moreno, María Encarnación (1981): Těšubot de Yehudi ben Šešet: edición traducción y commentario (Granada: Universidad de Granada).

Wated, Ali (1994): Mišnato ha-lĕšonit šel rabbi Yĕhudah Ḥayyūj's mebeʿad lĕ-munaḥaw bi-mqoram ha-ʿarabi u-bĕ-tirgumam ha-ʿibri (Haifa: Hawadi).

Weizer, Asher (1977): Commentaires de la Torah d'Abraham Ibn Ezra d'après les manuscrits et les premiers imprimés, Lévitique, Nombres, Deutéronome, 3 vols. (Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook).